Why is Io a volcanic hellscape while Europa is an icy ocean world?
Sandeep K S
Jan 24
1 min read
A new theory suggests that Io's volcanic landscape and Europa's icy waters were determined at birth by their building blocks. Upcoming missions like NASA's Europa Clipper and ESA's Juice aim to investigate these findings further.
New data from the Perseverance rover challenges the "Cold & Icy" theory, suggesting ancient Mars was drenched in persistent heavy rainfall for millions of years.
Mars today is a frozen desert. But 4 billion years ago, during the Noachian Epoch, it was a very different world. Evidence of river valleys and lake beds is undeniable, but the climate that created them is hotly debated.
An interstellar comet is speeding out of our solar system at 60 km/s. We missed the chance to launch directly. But we can still catch it—by diving into the Sun.
3I/ATLAS is the third interstellar object (ISO) ever detected. Like 'Oumuamua and Borisov before it, it's a visitor from another star system.
We need satellites to save the Earth, but launching them endangers space itself. A new model helps designers balance vital data against the risk of collision.
Earth-observation satellites are critical for tracking climate change and disasters. But with 11,800 active satellites and predictions of 100,000 soon, Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is becoming a junkyard.
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